{"id":2753,"date":"2018-06-04T03:57:36","date_gmt":"2018-06-04T03:57:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/?page_id=2753"},"modified":"2020-11-19T11:21:01","modified_gmt":"2020-11-19T03:21:01","slug":"parallel-crystallizers-for-drug-development","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/en\/automated-solution\/parallel-crystallizers-for-drug-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Parallel Crystallizers for Drug Development"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2753\" class=\"elementor elementor-2753 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-settings=\"[]\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8d25b87 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8d25b87\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2996e38\" data-id=\"2996e38\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf76fb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-nav_menu\" data-id=\"cf76fb6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-nav_menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<section class=\"widget widget_featured_posts clearfix\"><h2 class=\"heading2 widget-title\">Automated Solutions<\/h2><div class=\"menu-en-automated-solutions-container\"><ul id=\"menu-en-automated-solutions\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-3496\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3496\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/?page_id=2742\">Dried Blood Spot Online Extraction System for Newborn Screening<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-3497\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3497\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/en\/automated-solution\/high-throughput-high-output-polyolefin-synthesis-screening-optimization-qc\/\">High Throughput &#038; High Output Polyolefin Synthesis, Screening, Optimization &#038; QC<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-3499\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3499\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/en\/automated-solution\/parallel-crystallizers-for-drug-development\/\">Parallel Crystallizers for Drug Development<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"nav-search\"><div class=\"search-widget\">\n<form class=\"search-form\" action=\"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/\" method=\"get\">\n\t\t<input type=\"search\" name=\"s\"  placeholder=\"Search here...\" value=\"\"\/>\n\t\t\n<\/form>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/section>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f58d74f\" data-id=\"f58d74f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6738ab6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6738ab6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Parallel Crystallizers for Drug Development<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0b703c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f0b703c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Crystallization research plays an important role in the drug development process as majority of the therapeutic drugs exhibits in multiple polymorph forms and technically each polymorph possess different physical properties. Differences in physical properties (e.g. solubility, hygroscopicity, melting point) would then affect other important properties such as product bioavailability and stability. Pharmaceutical companies worldwide are now trying to gain their competitiveness by stepping in the crystallization research much earlier in the drug development cycle, thus to avoid unexpected crystal form related issues and delays at later stages. This also means crystal form information required during patent application could be obtained much earlier and eventually product launch could also be accelerated.<\/p><p><img src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/as04\/IG-timeline-en.png\" width=\"720\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p>At the moment, the biggest bottleneck for crystallization research lies in the complex experimental matrix involved and the limited sample quantity. To tackle these issues, Technobis provides three innovative solutions and each of them can effectively perform polymorph screening, solubility and metastable zone width(MSZW) study and crystallization process research. Also, it comes with different features which can fulfil researchers\u2019 needs such as throughput and processing volume at different development stages, and therefore effectively speeding up the entire crystallization research cycle.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-259ea94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"259ea94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62c7e35 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"62c7e35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1031\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1031\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><a href=\"\">Polymorph Screening<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1032\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1032\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><a href=\"\">Solubility & MSZW<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1033\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1033\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><a href=\"\">Process Development<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1031\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Polymorph Screening<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1031\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1031\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><div class=\"application-notes gradient\"><h2 class=\"size18 color4\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Polymorph Screening<\/span><\/strong><\/h2><p>As the first step in crystallization research, polymorph screening typically involves screening of various salts, hydrates \/ solvates and co-crystals. In order to screen out all possible polymorphs and to identify the optimum crystal form for further investigations, it is necessary to perform screening with different solvent systems, counter-ions and co-compounds via different crystallization methods such as cooling, evaporation and slurry. This screening process is tedious and involves very diverse experimental conditions, researchers are advised to use the guide in Table 1 to select the most appropriate crystallizer.<\/p><table class=\"as-table\" border=\"1\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"5\" cellpadding=\"5\"><caption>Table 1. Comparison Table on Technobis Crystallization systems<\/caption><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">\u00a0<\/th><th scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">CrystalBreeder<\/th><th scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">Crystal16<\/th><th scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">Crystalline<\/th><\/tr><tr><th>Reactor volume(mL)<\/th><td>0.05 &#8211; 0.2<\/td><td>0.25 &#8211; 1.5<\/td><td>1 &#8211; 5<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Parallel channels<\/th><td>32<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>8<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Individual temperature control module<\/th><td>8<\/td><td>4<\/td><td>8<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Operating range(\u2103)<\/th><td>-15 to 150<\/td><td>-15 to 150<\/td><td>-25 to 180<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><table class=\"as-table tableB\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"5\" cellpadding=\"5\"><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"4\" scope=\"row\">Crystallization methods<\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Cooling<\/th><td scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">\u221a<\/td><td scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">\u221a<\/td><td scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">\u221a<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Evaporation<\/th><td>\u221a<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>\u221a<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Vapor Diffusion<\/th><td>\u221a<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>\u221a<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Anti-solvent<\/th><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>\u221a<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">(Crystal Seed)<\/th><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>\u221a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"application-notes gradient\"><div class=\"size18 color4\">Workflow<\/div><p>The polymorph screening workflow is illustrated by Technobis CrystalBreeder as an example. Please mouse over to the workflow to view the corresponding steps.<\/p><div class=\"scroll-X\"><p><img id=\"as04sc_wf-A-01\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_SamplePrep-G.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-A-02\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_Stir.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-A-03\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_React.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-A-04\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_Crystallization.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-A-05\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_SampleCollection.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-A-06\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_XRD-Analysis.png\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><\/div><div>Technobis CrystalBreeder is composed of 8 individual modules with a total throughput of 32 parallel reactors. Independent parameters can be set on each module to perform a diverse range of tasks such as slow evaporation, top or bottom stirring, linear or non-linear temperature control (See Fig. 1). Typically, less than 5mg of sample size is sufficient for a complete experiment to obtain target crystal forms and the ready-to-export experimental data.<\/div><p><img src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/as04\/IG-CrystalMode-en.png\" width=\"690\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p>Fig 1. Crystallization modes of Technobis Crystalbreeder.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1032\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Solubility & MSZW<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1032\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1032\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><div class=\"application-notes gradient\"><h2 class=\"title size18 color4\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Solubility Curve and MSZW measurement<\/span><\/strong><\/h2><div><p><img src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/as04\/SolubilityCurve.jpg\" width=\"300\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p>Fig. 2. Solubility curve and MSZW<\/p><\/div><p>Once the crystal form and solvent system have been selected, the next step would be to obtain the solubility curve and MSZW of the drug in the corresponding system, in order to identify the optimum operating range. Solubility and MSZW are both important data for a successful scale-up and to determine the right timing for seeding for an optimized process yield. Solubility study by conventional gravimetric approach is low in efficiency and frequently MSZW data are very difficult to obtain. On the other hand, Technobis systems can perform simple and efficient solubility curve and MSZW measurement by employing a non-invasive turbidity measurement approach together with precise temperature and stirring control.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"application-notes gradient\"><table class=\"as-table\" border=\"1\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"5\" cellpadding=\"5\"><caption>Table 2. Comparison Table on Technobis Crystallization systems<\/caption><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\">\u00a0<\/th><th scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">CrystalBreeder<\/th><th scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">Crystal16<\/th><th scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">Crystalline<\/th><\/tr><tr><th>Reactor volume(mL)<\/th><td>0.05 &#8211; 0.2<\/td><td>0.25 &#8211; 1.5<\/td><td>1 &#8211; 5<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Crystallization Method<\/th><td>Cooling, evaporation, vapor<\/td><td>Cooling<\/td><td>Cooling, evaporation, anti-solvent, gas vapor<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Solubility Curve<\/th><td>8<\/td><td>4<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">MSZW Data<\/th><td>8 sets<\/td><td>4 sets<\/td><td>2 sets<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>The solubility &amp; MSZW workflow is illustrated by Technobis Crystal16 as an example. Please mouse over to the workflow to view the corresponding steps.<\/p><p><img id=\"as04sc_wf-B-01\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_SamplePrep-G.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-B-02\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_Stir.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-B-03\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_Heat.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-B-04\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_TurbidityDetection-A.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_SampleCool.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_TurbidityDetection-B.png\" border=\"0\" \/><img id=\"as04sc_wf-B-05\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_DataHandle.png\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p>Technobis Crystal 16 allows flexible experimental design as shown in the example in Figure 3. In this example, user could simply screen 4 solvents systems by preparing 4 concentrations of supersaturated solutions and by programming an appropriate heating\/cooling profile. The system would then automatically detect the cloud point (point at which crystal first precipitates) and the clear point (point at which all suspended solids disappear). Users could immediately obtain 4 sets of solubility curves and MSZW graphs as they are directly generated by the CrystalClear software.<\/p><p><img src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/as04\/chart-Crystal16-en.jpg\" width=\"680\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p>Fig. 3. Example the experimental design of a solubility study<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1033\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Process Development<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1033\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1033\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><div class=\"application-notes gradient\"><h2 class=\"title size18 color4\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Crystallization Process Development &amp; Optimization<\/span><\/strong><\/h2><p>After selecting the right crystal form, researchers would optimize the crystallization process to ensure a good balance of crystal purity, particle size uniformity and process yield. Crystal purity and particle size uniformity are important properties which would significantly affect final dosage form formulation design, content uniformity, solubility, dissolution rate and eventually its bioavailability. With various online analysis options offered by Technobis parallel crystallizers, researchers could effectively perform efficient and comprehensive crystallization process optimization studies.<\/p><table class=\"as-table\" border=\"1\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"5\" cellpadding=\"5\"><caption>Table 3. Comparison Table on Technobis Crystallization systems<\/caption><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\">\u00a0<\/th><th scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">CrystalBreeder<\/th><th scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">Crystal16<\/th><th scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">Crystalline<\/th><\/tr><tr><th>Reactor volume(mL)<\/th><td>0.05 &#8211; 0.2<\/td><td>0.25 &#8211; 1.5<\/td><td>1 &#8211; 5<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Crystallization method<\/th><td>Cooling, evaporation, vapour diffusion<\/td><td>Cooling<\/td><td>Cooling, evaporation, anti-solvent, vapour diffusion<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><table class=\"as-table tableB\" border=\"1\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"5\" cellpadding=\"5\"><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"4\" scope=\"row\">In-situ Analysis<\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Turbidity<\/th><td scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">\u221a<\/td><td scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">\u221a<\/td><td scope=\"col\" width=\"25%\">\u221a<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Raman<\/th><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>\u221a*<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Camera<\/th><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>\u221a*<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><h2>*Probes are purchased separately<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"application-notes gradient\"><h2 class=\"size18 color4\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>Workflow<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p>The crystallization process development &amp; optimization workflow is illustrated by Technobis Crystalline as an example. Please mouse over to the workflow to view the corresponding steps.<\/p><div class=\"scroll-X\"><img id=\"as04sc_wf-C-01\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_SamplePrep-G.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-C-02\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_Stir.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-C-03\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_Heat-cool.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-C-04\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_React-A.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-C-05\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_Detect-Ramen-Visual.png\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0<img id=\"as04sc_wf-C-06\" class=\"wf\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/wf\/en\/wf_DataHandle-Particle-Ramen.png\" border=\"0\" \/><\/div><div>Technobis Crystalline system possesses 8 individually controlled modules for parallel experiments loaded with full capacity of performing mg-scale reflux, evaporation, addition of crystal seeds and anti-solvent, giving researches flexibility in performing different crystallization methods. Apart from independent non-invasive online turbidity measurement, there are also options of integrating camera modules and Raman probes into the crystallization systems. The camera modules allow visual observations of the change in morphology, while the software determines the average particle size and further generate particle size distribution (Fig. 5). On the other hand, real-time Raman analysis provides additional information on the change in the crystal form and any intermediates formed. Online optical viewing function and Raman adds-on functions assist researchers to study the relationship between various processing parameters with crystal morphology and crystal habit. The gained information are very essential for a thorough understanding on the crystallization process mechanism and for the investigation on unresolved issues (e.g. oiling)(Fig. 6) encountered during crystallization.<\/div><div><img src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/as04\/FIG-4.jpg\" width=\"680\" border=\"0\" \/><\/div><div>Fig. 4. Visual monitoring of the change in crystal habits<\/div><div><p><img src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/as04\/FIG-5.jpg\" width=\"330\" height=\"230\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p>Fig. 5. Real-time particle size distribution<\/p><\/div><div><img src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/as04\/IG-Ramen.jpg\" width=\"300\" border=\"0\" \/><\/div><div>Fig. 6. Real-time monitoring of the change in crystal forms by Raman spectroscopy<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f97c5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6f97c5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07366ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"07366ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7561\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7561\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" href=\"\"> Specification\uff08Work Station \/ Software\uff09<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7561\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7561\"><div class=\"tabs-1 tabitem color2\">Platform<\/div>\n<ul>\n \t<li><img src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/pd\/Technobis\/pd-av_CrystalBreeder.png\" \/>Technobis\nCrystalBreeder<\/li>\n \t<li><a href=\"#\"><img src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/pd\/Technobis\/pd-av_Crystal16.png\" \/><\/a>Technobis\nCrystal16<\/li>\n \t<li><a href=\"#\"><img src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/images\/automation\/pd\/Technobis\/pd-av_Crystalline.png\" \/><\/a>Technobis\nCrystalline<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d65fe2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d65fe2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aaa4af6\" data-id=\"aaa4af6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc3245d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cc3245d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusions<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e33e23f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e33e23f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Technobis offers three compact-designed parallel crystallizers which are capable to perform comprehensive studies on polymorph screening and crystallization process optimization by effectively utilizing a limited amount of sample. It also rapidly transforms experimental data into valuable information and enhances research efficiency, thus becoming the ideal solutions for high throughput crystallization research.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e1a281a\" data-id=\"e1a281a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f7bf3a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7f7bf3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Need help? 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Differences in physical properties (e.g. solubility, hygroscopicity, melting point) would then affect other important properties such as product bioavailability and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":295,"parent":2727,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"teplate-page_banner.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2753"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2753"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2753\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8958,"href":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2753\/revisions\/8958"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2727"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/295"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nikyang.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}